Audit & Compliance
Compliance verification and measurement of cyber resilience in IT and OT environments
Audit & Compliance aims to ensure a structured, verifiable, and repeatable assessment of the compliance and security posture of IT infrastructures, OT/ICS environments, and convergent IT/OT contexts.
The approach adopted practically surpasses the documentary logic of compliance by integrating technical verifications, evidence analysis, and control assessments. Ultimately, it allows transforming regulatory compliance into a measurable improvement in resilience.
Why Audit & Compliance is an operational requirement
The evolution of the threat landscape and the tightening of regulatory requirements make security auditing an essential element of governance. Compliance, therefore, cannot be interpreted as a formal obligation. Specifically, the operational objective is to demonstrate, with objective evidence, that controls, processes, and responsibilities are effective and sustainable over time.
Measurement of adherence level to regulatory requirements and industry standards
Identification of control gaps and organizational deficiencies
Reduction of risk exposure through traceable remediation priorities
Support for investment decisions based on technical evidence
Reference standards and frameworks
Audit activities are structured according to the sector, process criticality, and technological architecture. In practice, they allow alignment with major national and international standards and regulations, including:
- NIS2 and security/risk management requirements for essential and important entities
- NIST (security controls, risk management, and applicable best practices);
- ISA/IEC 62443 for the security of industrial systems and OT networks
- Additional compliance and resilience references (e.g., CRA, NRM) based on the application perimeter
Scope of application: IT, OT, and critical infrastructures
The audit is conducted on enterprise and industrial environments. Therefore, it allows considering the substantial differences between IT and OT domains: longer life cycles, operational continuity constraints, industrial protocols, and dependencies with safety and production processes. In summary, the analysis typically covers:
Governance, roles, and responsibilities
Policies, procedures, accountability
Network architectures and segmentation
IT/OT, zones & conduits, remote access
Identity and privilege management
IAM/PAM, MFA, segregation of duties
Logging, monitoring, and response capabilities
SOC, use cases, playbooks
Vulnerability management and patching
With OT constraints
Supplier and supply chain management
Third parties, access, contractual requirements
Methodology: evidence, traceability, and measurement
The methodological approach is oriented towards the collection and validation of evidence. Specifically, this method ensures traceability and repeatability of results. Activities include:
Collection and validation of security documentation and processes
Structured interviews with stakeholders (IT, OT, security, operations, compliance)
Verification of control configurations and evidence analysis (sampling, logs, configurations, workflows)
Evaluation of gaps against selected requirements and prioritization definition
Deliverable: results usable for governance and remediation
- Compliance matrix with evidence for each requirement
- Gap analysis and associated risk, with technical rationale and operational impact
- Prioritized remediation plan
- Improvement recommendations on processes, controls, and organizational measures
- Traceability for internal/external audits and support for reporting
The output, in practice, is not a descriptive report but a set of deliverables designed to enable decisions and actions.
Value for regulated organizations
Audit & Compliance is a key element for organizations operating in complex and regulated environments, where security must be demonstrable, defensible, and measurable. The integration of compliance, risk management, and operational resilience thus allows for a concrete reduction of exposure surfaces and an increase in the effectiveness of controls over time, transforming compliance into a strategic advantage.